Global electricity demand is accelerating. The IEA forecasts growth of 3.3% in 2025 and 3.7% in 2026, driven not only by households and industry, but increasingly by digital infrastructure.
Data centres alone accounted for ~1.5% of global electricity demand in 2024, and are expected to reach ~3% by 2030, with consumption approaching 945 TWh. This surge is closely tied to AI-driven workloads.
The critical issue is structural: electricity grids do not scale like cloud services. New generation, transmission upgrades, and substations require long planning cycles. When high-density AI loads appear rapidly, utilities experience stress first—followed by industrial operators. Recent US grid reports have directly linked rising power constraints to AI data-centre growth.
Energy, therefore, is no longer just a sustainability concern—it is becoming an operational and reliability constraint.
